Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- guide:connect [2010/08/18 15:35]
wikiadmin created
+++ guide:connect [2026/06/18 19:45] (current)
ccrosby [Connecting to the CHPC]
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-===== Connecting to the CHPC =====
+====== Connecting to the CHPC ======
-==== Logging In ====
+The CHPC hosts a supercomputer comprising:
+    * 1008 regular compute nodes with 24 cores and 128 GiB of RAM each;
+    * 360 regular computes nodes with 24 cores and 64 GiB of RAM each;
+    * 4 large memory nodes with 56 cores and 1TiB of RAM each;
+    * 9 [[guide:gpu|GPU]] nodes.
-The only way to connect to the CHPC machines is via the **ssh** protocol.  To connect use
-  ssh -l username login-node.chpc.ac.za
+=====Host Name=====
-where **//login-node//** is replaced by the hostname for the login node of the system you wish to connect to.
-=== Hostnames ===
+All these systems are accessed via a single login node: **''lengau.chpc.ac.za''**.
-The hostnames and IP addresses for all CHPC login nodes are listed below.  Note that if you are connecting from UCT or the CSIR please use the dedicated address for those subnets, otherwise use the primary address.
+===== Logging In =====
-^ System  ^ Primary Host Name  ^ CSIR ^ UCT |
+Connection to the login node of the CHPC cluster is via the **ssh** protocol.  To connect to the system use
-| IBM e1350    | ssh.chpc.ac.za | chpc.csir.co.za | chpc.uct.ac.za |
+<code>
-| SUN systems  | sun.chpc.ac.za | | |
+  ssh username@lengau.chpc.ac.za
-| IBM Blue Gene/P | | | |
+</code>
-| SUN M9000 | | | |
+where //**''username''**// is replaced by the user name assigned to //your// account at the CHPC.
-==== Transferring Files ====
-Use scp or sftp to transfer files to or from your home directory on the CHPC systems.  For example
+===== Dedicated scp.chpc.ac.za =====
+A dedicated node, ''**scp.chpc.ac.za**'' is available for scp file transfers:
+<code>
+  scp src.tar.gz username@scp.chpc.ac.za:~/lustre/
+</code>
-  scp src.tar.gz username@ssh.chpc.ac.za:
-to copy the file //src.tar.gz// to your home directory on the IBM e1350 cluster.
+===== Transferring Files =====
-==== MS Windows ====
+**Large data sets should be transferred by means of [[howto:globus|Globus]].  Globus is faster and more reliable than scp.**
-Should you be unfortunately stuck using a MS Windows computer
+You can also use scp or sftp to transfer files to or from your home directory on the CHPC systems.  For example
-to connect to the CHPC we recommend you download, install and
+<code>
-use the open source
+  scp src.tar.gz username@scp.chpc.ac.za:~/lustre/
-[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PuTTY|PuTTY]]
+</code>
+to copy the file //src.tar.gz// to your lustre directory on the CHPC cluster.  **Please do not transfer files directly to lengau.chpc.ac.za.** It is a shared login node, and in order not to overload it, file transfer should be done to the dedicated scp server. Please note that storage space in your home directory is very limited.  Large amounts of data should rather be transferred to your storage space on the lustre file system.  For a ** typical ** user, there will be a symbolic link to the user's directory on lustre, hence the ~/lustre/ target.  Alternatively, you may wish to copy directly to your lustre storage, in which case you could do the following:
+<code>
+  scp src.tar.gz username@scp.chpc.ac.za:/mnt/lustre/users/username/
+</code>
+If you would like a more user-friendly method, consider [[https://filezilla-project.org|FileZilla]]
+**Note:** use ''scp.chpc.ac.za'' as the server when transferring files.
+=====Recommended: ssh keys =====
+The **best way** to connect via **ssh** is to create //ssh keys// which authenticate you instead of your password.
+First create your private and public keys on your main work computer.  These steps assume that is a desktop or laptop computer running Linux:
+<code>
+  ssh-keygen -t dsa
+</code>
+This creates two new files in your //.ssh// directory
+| //id_dsa// | your **private** key |
+| //id_dsa.pub// | the corresponding **public** key |
+It is the latter file that you need to add to the //.ssh/authorized_keys// file in your home directory on the CHPC login node.
+From a recent Linux distribution you can simply do this :-
+<code bash>
+  ssh-copy-id username@lengau.chpc.ac.za
+</code>
+From older Unix setups you might have to do this :-
+<code>
+  cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub | ssh username@lengau.chpc.ac.za "cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys; chmod 0700 .ssh; chmod 0600 .ssh/authorized_keys"
+</code>
+And the next time you ssh or scp to the CHPC login node you won't have to use your password!
+====NOTE: ssh FILE PERMISSIONS====
+Notice that you need to change the permissions of the //.ssh// directory and the //authorized_keys//
+file on the login nodes to make them private and readable by you only before ssh will use the new public key.
+<code>
+chmod -R g-rwx,o-rwx ~/.ssh
+</code>
+**You also need to make sure your home directory does not have write ''w'' enabled for group and other fields.**
+<code>
+ls -ld ~
+drwxr-xr-x 19 user user 4096 Aug 15 12:01 /home/user
+</code>
+which is done with
+<code>
+chmod 0750 ~
+</code>
+to make your entire home directory private; or
+<code>
+chmod 0755 ~
+</code>
+to allow other users to view your files.
+====ssh error: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!====
+This error occurs if the keys used by the host are different from that used last time you connected to it.
+You can use
+  ssh-keygen -R badhost
+to remove all keys associated with the host //badhost// from your ''known_hosts'' file.
+This is safe to do because the new host key entry will be added back in next time you ssh in.
+If you want to look at or edit the ''.ssh/known_hosts'' file, it is located in the ''.ssh'' sub-directory within your home directory on the //Lengau// cluster.
+For example, after logging in:
+<code bash>
+cd .ssh/
+ls
+authorized_keys  id_ecdsa  id_ecdsa.pub  known_hosts
+</code>
+Once you have changed into the ''.ssh'' sub-directory you can then use an editor (e.g. ''nano known_hosts'') to edit the file and delete the bad line.
+===== Connecting from MS Windows =====
+====Cygwin====
+[[http://cygwin.com/|Cygwin]] provides all the above Linux commands for the Windows command line (and replaces the limited CMD.EXE command line).
+For first-timers there is a nice introduction at [[http://lifehacker.com/179514/geek-to-live--introduction-to-cygwin-part-i|lifehacker]].
+====MS Windows Applications====
+Should you prefer a MS Windows application with a GUI
+to connect to the CHPC we suggest you download and install the open source
+[[wp>PuTTY]]
 and
-[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinSCP|WinSCP]] clients:
+[[wp>WinSCP]] clients, or alternatively MobaXterm, which has a free "home" edition.
 ^ Windows Application     ^ Provides      ^ Home page ^ |
 | PuTTY                   | ssh           | [[http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/]] | [[http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html|download]] |
 | WinSCP                  | scp/sftp      | [[http://winscp.net/]] | [[http://winscp.net/eng/download.php|download]] |
+| MobaXterm               | ssh/scp/X-Forwarding | [[http://mobaxterm.mobatek.net ]]| [[http://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/download-home-edition.html]] |
+| Git Bash                | Whole unix environment including ssh | [[https://git-scm.com]]| [[https://git-scm.com/download/win]] |
+====ssh keys====
+It is **strongly recommended** that you use ssh keys to connect to the CHPC.  To generate and configure putty-ssh to use keys please see:
+  * [[https://www.howtoforge.com/ssh_key_based_logins_putty|HowToForge tutorial]]
+  * [[http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/0.58/htmldoc/Chapter8.html|Putty-ssh documentation]]
+To generate and configure **Git** to use ssh keys please see:
+  * [[http://inchoo.net/dev-talk/how-to-generate-ssh-keys-for-git-authorization]]
+====Blocked User Accounts====
+It may be that your account is blocked because of multiple failed logins.
+Check if that is so via [[https://users.chpc.ac.za/reports/ip_check/]]
+It is important to note that if you had more than 6 failed login attempts, your account will be blocked and either you will have to log a call on https://users.chpc.ac.za/helpdesk or wait for 30 minutes before trying to login again. However if you wait for 30 minutes and try once again with an incorrect password, you will be locked for another 30 minutes until you login with a correct password where your username will be removed from the blocked list. Only then you will regain your 6 grace failed login attempts.

wiki.chpc.ac.za

User Tools

Site Tools

Differences

Page Tools